Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Compost Supplemented with Inorganic Nitrogen on Physicochemical Soil Characteristics, Plant Growth, Nitrate Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Spinach

In this study, we evaluated the effects of municipal solid waste compost supplemented with inorganic N on physicochemical properties soil, plant growth, nitrate concentration, and antioxidant activity in spinach. Experiments were carried out neutral acidic soils that low organic matter. A fertilized soil was used as a control, while four treatments—two rates 35 70 t ha−1, or not (92 kg ha−1 Ca (NO3)2)—were applied by fertigation. The addition increased matter content pH both soils. supplementation greatly shoot dry weight spinach fresh yield nearly 109%. With highest rate 43% applied, soils, similar to results obtained (3.8 m−2). combined application could replace P K fertilization significant extent. at considerably decreased Mn concentrations.